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Northern Africa

MoroccoTravel guide

Morocco is in the northwest of Africa. It has busy markets, old cities, coastal towns, the Atlas Mountains and the sand dunes of the Sahara.

Why go

  1. Explore old city centres and lively markets in Marrakech and Fez.

  2. Visit coastal towns such as Essaouira and Asilah.

  3. See the blue-painted town of Chefchaouen and the nearby Rif Mountains.

  4. Enjoy mountain scenery in the Atlas Mountains.

  5. See Todra Gorge, Aït-Benhaddou and the Sahara dunes.

Getting there

By air

  • Casablanca is a main arrival point for major airlines. It has flights from Europe, Africa, the Middle East and several cities in the Americas.
  • Marrakech, Agadir, Fez, Rabat and Tangier also receive flights. Many European budget airlines serve these cities throughout the year or during certain seasons.
  • Some visitors fly to Gibraltar or Malaga and continue by ferry from southern Spain or Gibraltar. This route can be very busy during the summer holidays.

By land

  • You can enter through the land border crossings at the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla.
  • The border with Algeria is closed.
  • You can also enter by car from Mauritania via Dakhla.

By sea

  • Ferries from Algeciras and Tarifa in Spain go to Tangier and carry cars. Algeciras also has ferries to Ceuta.
  • A free shuttle bus connects Tarifa and Algeciras for ferry passengers. The journey takes about 25 minutes.

Customs

  • Tourists have an allowance of 2,000 Moroccan dirham when bringing local currency into or out of the country. Airport checks may lead to money above the export allowance being confiscated.
  • Camper vans are accepted, but other commercial vehicles may be refused entry. The source suggests discussing a commercial vehicle with the head of Customs before bringing it to the border.
  • Importing, distributing or producing pornography is against the law.

Getting around

  • Train

    Trains are generally a comfortable and frequent way to travel between major destinations. The network does not cover the whole country. Buy tickets directly from ONCF, the national railway operator, online or at a station. Third-party sellers can add large fees. The Al Boraq train connects Tangier and Casablanca through Kenitra and Rabat. Another main line links Marrakech, Casablanca, Rabat, Kenitra, Meknes and Fez. Delays are frequent, so allow extra time if you have an important connection. Bring plenty of water in summer. Carriages can be crowded, and even first-class air conditioning may not work. Validate your ticket at the entrance checkpoint before going to the platform. Night trains between Tangier and Marrakech have sleeping berths for an extra charge. Ordinary compartment seats have barriers that prevent you from lying down.

  • Bus

    CTM and Supratours offer comfortable buses with wide coverage. Supratours also connects with the train network. Buy tickets at the ticket window inside the bus station. Touts outside or near the entrance often charge visitors more. Foreign bank cards may not work on the operators' websites. You can buy tickets in person at bus stations. Local buses are cheaper but can be slow, uncomfortable and without air conditioning. Ask the fare before boarding a local bus along a main road. CTM and Supratours pick up passengers at their main stations. Their drivers cannot sell tickets. Stored luggage costs extra, and CTM provides baggage receipts. Refuse charges for bags you carry aboard that fit overhead or between your feet.

  • Domestic flight

    Royal Air Maroc serves most cities, but its domestic flights can be expensive. Air Arabia is another domestic option. Ryanair also operates domestic routes. Flights may compete with trains on price and journey time, but departures and baggage allowances are limited.

  • Car

    The main road network is generally in good condition. Many roads are narrow. Expect cyclists, pedestrians and horse-drawn vehicles to share the road. Some southern roads have only one paved strip in the middle. Drivers use the shoulders when passing oncoming traffic. Windblown dust can hide approaching vehicles. Driving after drinking alcohol is illegal, even after one beer.

What to see and do

  • Casablanca

    See the huge Hassan II Mosque and the city centre's colonial, Spanish-Moorish and art deco buildings.

  • Marrakech

    Explore busy markets, old gates, city walls, the Saadian Tombs and the remains of El Badi Palace. In the evening, Jamaa el-Fnaa square fills with food stalls and performers.

  • Fez

    Walk through the narrow streets of the medina, or old city. Sights include historic gates, Al-Karaouine University, Bou Inania Madrasa and traditional leather tanneries.

  • Meknes

    Its walled centre has impressive gates and buildings that mix European and Islamic styles.

  • Asilah and Essaouira

    These coastal towns offer sea breezes and a more relaxed experience of old-city life.

  • Chefchaouen

    This blue-painted town is also a starting point for exploring the Rif Mountains.

Food and drink

  • Tagine

    A dish listed in the source's meal-price examples, alongside couscous.

  • Couscous

    A Moroccan meal that locals may invite travellers to share in their homes.

  • Jamaa el-Fnaa food stalls

    Marrakech's main square fills with food stalls in the evening.

  • Restaurant choices

    Menus can be repetitive, especially for travellers on a budget. Outside major cities, restaurants often focus on French, Italian, Chinese and other international food.

  • Mint tea

    The source lists mint tea among common drinks.

  • Black coffee

    Listed as café noir in the source's price examples.

Money

Moroccan dirham, currency code MAD. One dirham is divided into 100 centimes.

  • Carry small notes because shops and accommodation may have little change. Keep larger notes hidden separately.
  • The dirham is the only officially accepted currency. Some hotels may accept euros or US dollars unofficially.
  • Use banks, official exchange offices or major post offices to change money. Official exchange rates should be the same at banks and authorised exchanges.
  • Ask for an exchange receipt before changing money, and keep it. A cash-machine withdrawal receipt is not accepted as proof that you exchanged foreign currency.

Typical costs

  • The following shopping estimates are from May 2019: a 1.5-litre bottle of water cost 5–6 dirham.
  • Mint tea or black coffee: 6–8 dirham in the May 2019 estimates.
  • Tagine or couscous: 25–60 dirham in the May 2019 estimates, depending on how tourist-focused the place was.
  • Bus travel: 20–30 dirham per 100 km in the May 2019 estimates.
  • A double room: from 170–300 dirham in the May 2019 estimates.
  • The source gives Casablanca to Marrakech train fares of 146 dirham in second class and 180 dirham in first class.
  • The source lists youth-hostel dorm beds from about 50 dirham and basic single hotel rooms from about 65 dirham.

Language

  • Arabic and Berber are the official languages.
  • Moroccan Arabic, also called Darija, is the main everyday language. It can be difficult for speakers of other Arabic dialects to understand.
  • Tashelhit is mainly spoken in southwestern Morocco. Central Morocco Tamazight is spoken in the central Atlas Mountains.
  • French is widely used in business, government and trade. Learning basic French or Arabic can help with prices and everyday travel.
  • Some people in northern Morocco speak Spanish.
  • English is more likely among younger people and those working in tourism, especially in places such as Marrakech and Taghazout. It is not spoken everywhere.
Salam
Hello.
Shukran
Thank you.
Tanmirt
Thank you in Tamazight.
B'Saha
Good health to you.
Insha Allah
God willing.

Staying safe

  • Morocco is generally a relatively safe place. Avoid dark alleys and travel with others when possible.
  • Keep money and passports in a safety wallet or a hotel safety deposit box.
  • Keep bags with you at all times. Avoid putting important belongings in outside or back pockets.
  • Be friendly but firm with persistent sellers and touts. Clearly decline offers you do not want.
6 common scams in Morocco, and how to avoid them

Local customs

Do

  • Dress conservatively when visiting a mosque and remove your shoes before entering.
  • Greet passengers who join your train compartment with 'Salam'. Sharing fruit or cake is also common.
  • Make an effort to use basic Arabic or Moroccan Arabic. Ask which language someone prefers if you are unsure.
  • Expect shorter working hours and many restaurants to remain closed until dusk during Ramadan.

Don't

  • Avoid eating or drinking in public during Ramadan's daylight fasting hours, even if you are not Muslim.
  • Do not camp on someone's land without asking first.

Staying healthy

  • Carry plenty of water on summer train journeys. Air conditioning may fail, and drinks can be difficult to buy aboard.
  • If you struggle with heat, consider air-conditioned buses. Local buses can be very hot and passengers may resist opening windows.
  • Check mattress seams and gaps for bed bugs, dead bugs or small black marks, especially when staying in a riad.

Phone and internet

  • Internet access varies between furnished holiday apartments. Check the connection when comparing places to stay.

Where to stay

  • Modern hotels are available in large cities and towns. Basic budget hotels are often in the medina, or old city, while newer budget and mid-range hotels are found in newer districts.
  • Youth hostels affiliated with Hostelling International are available in major cities. The source lists dorm beds from about 50 dirham.
  • A riad is a traditional house built around an enclosed courtyard or garden. These small places to stay are common in Marrakech, Essaouira and Fez; a dar is similar but often has a closed roof.
  • An auberge is usually a small, family-run country inn, often built in a traditional mud-brick style. Gîtes d'étape are simple country inns or hostels used by mountain walkers.

Trips to Morocco

Day-by-day itineraries by snuck, shaped around you.

Outdoor adventures in Morocco

Morocco offers mountain walks in the Atlas and Rif, desert trips among Sahara dunes, and surfing along the Atlantic coast. You can climb Mount Toubkal, spend a night under desert stars, or try a paragliding flight near Marrakech.

  • Mount Toubkal

    TrekHigh Atlasnear Imlil

    Start the climb from Imlil.

  • Merzouga desert camel and 4x4 trips

    More to doSaharan Morocconear Merzouga

    One night to a week

    Head into the desert by camel or 4x4 from Merzouga, a settlement at the edge of the Sahara.

  • M'Hamid desert camel and 4x4 trips

    More to doSaharan Morocconear M'Hamid

    One night to a week

    Head into the desert by camel or 4x4 from M'Hamid, a settlement at the edge of the Sahara.

  • Agadir Beach

    BeacheSouth Atlantic Coastnear Agadir

    Visit the main beach in Agadir.

    • The beach can be very windy in February.
  • Imesouane

    SurfingSouth Atlantic Coast

    November to March; beginners can surf year-round

    Use one of the surf schools or surf camps serving the surfing areas around Agadir.

  • Anchor Point

    SurfingSouth Atlantic Coast

    November to March; beginners can surf year-round

    Use one of the surf schools or surf camps serving the surfing areas around Agadir.

  • Devils Rock

    SurfingSouth Atlantic Coastnear Tamragh

    November to March; beginners can surf year-round

    Head to Devils Rock at Tamragh. The surrounding surfing area has surf schools, camps and shops.

  • Cro-Cro

    SurfingSouth Atlantic Coast

    November to March; beginners can surf year-round

    Use one of the surf schools or surf camps serving the surfing areas around Agadir.

  • High Atlas mountain trekking

    TrekHigh Atlas

    Explore the High Atlas on foot. Tinerhir is described as an access point to the mountains.

  • Ourika Valley

    TrekHigh Atlas

    Explore the valley as part of a High Atlas trekking trip.

  • Amizmiz Valley

    TrekHigh Atlas

    Explore the valley as part of a High Atlas trekking trip.

  • Ameln Valley

    HikeAnti Atlas

    Follow hiking routes through the Ameln Valley in the Anti Atlas.

  • Middle Atlas forest hikes

    HikeMiddle Atlas

    Explore the hiking routes through the forests of the Middle Atlas.

  • Rif Mountains exploration

    More to doRif Mountainsnear Chefchaouen

    Use Chefchaouen as a starting point to explore the Rif Mountains.

  • Aguergour tandem paragliding

    ParaglidingAguergour, Ouzguitanear Marrakech

    Arrange a flight with Marrakech Paragliding at Aguergour, Ouzguita, 45 km from Marrakech. A tandem flight means flying together with an instructor.

  • Todra Gorge

    More to donear Tinghir

    Visit the gorge near Tinghir on the way to the desert.

  • COSMAN Rooftop Observatory stargazing

    More to doTit Mellil, Casablanca-Settatnear Casablanca

    30 minutes; other packages available Evenings, depending on visibility and observing conditions

    Book a guided session in advance with COSMAN Rooftop Observatory. Contact the observatory for exact directions before travelling to Tit Mellil.

    • Cost: 150 MAD per person for 30 minutes

Airports, metros and trains in Morocco

Airports with scheduled flights

  • AGAAl Massira AirportAgadir (Temsia)Main international airport
  • BEMBeni Mellal AirportOulad YaichMain international airport
  • FEZFes Saïss International AirportSaïssMain international airport
  • RAKMarrakesh Menara AirportMarrakeshMain international airport
  • CMNMohammed V International AirportCasablancaMain international airport
  • NDRNador Al Aaroui International AirportAl AarouiMain international airport

Trains

Rail network
2,109 km
Electrified
1,022 km
High-speed lines
186 km
Top speed
320 km/h

People and safety in Morocco

Religion

Most people are Muslim. Mostly one faith.

  • Muslim100%

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex relationships are illegal

  • The law allows up to 6 years in prison.

Check your own government's travel advice before you go, and be careful with public displays of affection and dating apps.

Women travellers

Ranked #102 of 181 countries for women's safety, inclusion and justice.

57% of women say they feel safe walking alone at night where they live.

Who can visit without a visa

Travellers from 79 of 198 countries can visit Morocco easily: no visa, a visa at the airport, or a short online form.

  • Visa not required74
  • eTA required5
  • eVisa8
  • Visa required111

Who can visit easily, by part of the world

For each part of the world: how many countries' travellers can come easily. Easy means no visa, a visa at the airport, or a short online form.

  • Europe37 of 46 countries
  • Asia19 of 50 countries
  • Americas10 of 35 countries
  • Africa11 of 53 countries
  • Oceania2 of 14 countries

Questions

Will I be able to get by with English?

English is more common among younger people and tourism workers, but it is not spoken everywhere. Basic French or Arabic will help.

Can I buy transport tickets without booking online?

Yes. Buy train tickets at stations and bus tickets at the ticket window inside the bus station.

What is the easiest way to travel between major cities?

Trains are generally comfortable, frequent and fast where the network reaches. CTM and Supratours buses cover many places beyond it.

What money should I use?

Use Moroccan dirham. Carry small notes because change can be hard to get, and keep exchange receipts if you may need to change leftover dirham before leaving.

Is Morocco generally safe for visitors?

The source describes Morocco as relatively safe. Avoid dark alleys, keep bags close and secure your money and passport.

What is a riad?

A riad is a traditional house around an enclosed courtyard or garden. Many operate as small places to stay in old city centres.

Will restaurants serve lots of Moroccan dishes?

Choice can be limited, especially outside major cities and on budget menus. Many restaurants serve international dishes, while tagine and couscous appear in the source's meal examples.

What should I expect during Ramadan?

Many restaurants close until dusk and working hours are shorter. Non-Muslim visitors should avoid eating or drinking in public during daylight hours.

Will my ferry arrive in central Tangier?

Check the port named on your ticket. Tanger Med is 50 km from Tangier city.

Can I camp wherever I like?

No. Wild camping is illegal without permission, and fines are steep; use a campground or ask permission before camping on private land.

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